Chapter 3: Administer Vaccines
Get the right vaccine to the right person at the right time.

Ensure your process is equitable.
Just as your outreach program should keep accessibility top of mind, so too should your platform. If you’re offering individuals a way to sign up for a vaccine appointment, for example, those appointments should be available to them whether or not they have a smartphone, email, or even access to the internet. The platform should be available in many languages. Choose wording for registration questions carefully and consider all possibilities. For example, some people may not want to reveal their gender, others may not have a current home address.
Give your candidates a full understanding of the purpose and capabilities of your technology – their use of it should be voluntary. It’s important that they know how their personal data is being collected and used and understand their rights to control that information. If a person elects not to opt in, or cannot for reasons such as not having access to the internet, you should offer alternative methods so they may equitably participate in the program.
How Chicago got ahead.
The Chicago Department of Public Health is devoted to improving public health through anti-racist, multicultural systems. The city was hit hard by COVID-19, and the department was determined to distribute vaccines equitably as soon as they were available.
The department worked hard to put the right technological infrastructure in place even before COVID-19 vaccines were available. It launched a vaccine clinic management system on Salesforce Government Cloud with additions from other clouds and products that included Salesforce Maps for appointment locations and Salesforce Shield for an extra layer of security. That turned its former paper-based data system into a cloud-based one, which the department tested with staff before launching it for the public.
By the start of flu season, city residents could access the site from a computer or mobile device, create a profile, and find a flu vaccine appointment. Or, they could walk into a vaccine location and engage with the system there. “The flu season has served as a nice test case for us,” said David Juen, the department’s project coordinator. “The amount of real-time data analysis we can do is just phenomenal. We have dashboards that break down the total number of flu vaccinations by demographics, ZIP code, day of the week, and more.”
This foresight and planning paid off. When COVID-19 vaccines came to Chicago, the system was primed and perfected to get shots into arms as quickly as possible.
Manage your inventories.

“It’s critical to be able to respond quickly to all aspects of vaccine management. Vaccine Cloud enables public sector, healthcare providers, and commercial organizations to meet the needs of their customers and patients rapidly with the ability to continually evolve as needs change from enabling vaccines equitably to reordering vaccination cards to confirming your employee and customer health status”
Consider additional supplies you will need in order to administer the vaccine. These include needles of varying sizes (based on the population being immunized), syringes, alcohol prep pads, surgical masks and shields, vaccination record cards, and vaccine needle guides.
While vaccine orders may contain these supplies, your organization should also maintain a stockpile of extras. In addition to supplies, ensure your facility or site has safety and cleaning protocols for the designated immunization areas and that you also stock the necessary supplies to keep those spaces clean.
Robust, effective supply chain management is a critical component of a successful mass vaccination initiative. Maintaining near real-time status on supply levels helps ensure adequate stock and can aid in accurately forecasting demand requirements. It can also help you figure out how much to set aside for contingency in the event of damage, dilution, inadequate storage, or other occurrences.
Schedule appointments and follow-ups.
Once individuals start coming in for their appointments, it’s important to get them in and out quickly and safely. Your technology platform should power a streamlined end-to-end process that:
- Provides easy appointment scheduling and reminder notifications
- Allows individuals to confirm their vaccination appointments and check in digitally
- Gathers constituent information into a central, secure platform that employees can quickly pull up in preparation for the vaccination when an individual arrives
- Securely captures critical vaccine administration details and links that information to the individual being vaccinated
- Centralizes information and provides a single source of truth that enables simplified analysis and quick follow-up
Next: Chapter 4: Monitor the Program and Community Safety
- Use data visualization tools to monitor and report on vaccination program outcomes
- Help communities return to work safely
- Track vaccination records securely